{"id":1337,"date":"2015-08-28T10:29:41","date_gmt":"2015-08-28T10:29:41","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.nwpsaf.eu\/site\/monitoring\/winds-quality-evaluation\/scatterometer-mon\/use-in-nwp\/jmamodel\/"},"modified":"2023-04-21T13:48:04","modified_gmt":"2023-04-21T13:48:04","slug":"jmamodel","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/nwp-saf.eumetsat.int\/site\/monitoring\/winds-quality-evaluation\/scatterometer-mon\/use-in-nwp\/jmamodel\/","title":{"rendered":"jmamodel"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Scatterometer use in NWP at JMA<\/h2>\n<h3><span id=\"Physical_characteristics\">Physical characteristics<\/span><\/h3>\n<h4><span id=\"Global_Spectral_Model_GSM\">Global Spectral Model (GSM)<\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Spectral model<\/li>\n<li>Horizontal resolution: TQ959 (0.1250\u00b0 (&asymp; 13 km), Reduced Gaussian Grid)<\/li>\n<li>Vertical resolution: 128 vertical levels, sigma-p hybrid coordinate, lid at 0.01 hPa<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><span id=\"Meso-Scale_Model_MSM\">Meso-Scale Model (MSM)<\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Grid-point model (817 E-W &times; 661 N-S), grid centred on Japan<\/li>\n<li>Horizontal resolution: 5 km at 60N and 30N<\/li>\n<li>Vertical resolution: 96 vertical levels, hybrid terrain-following coordinate, lid &asymp; 37.5 km<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><span id=\"Local_Forecast_Model_(LFM)\">Local Forecast Model (LFM)<\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Grid-point model (1531 E-W &times; 1301 N-S), grid centred on Japan<\/li>\n<li>Horizontal resolution: 2 km at 60N and 30N<\/li>\n<li>Vertical resolution: 76 vertical levels, hybrid terrain-following coordinate, lid &asymp; 22 km<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span id=\"Data_assimilation_method\">Data assimilation method<\/span><\/h3>\n<h4><span id=\"Global_Spectral_Model_GSM_8211_Global_Analysis\">Global Spectral Model (GSM \u2013 Global Analysis)<\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Hybrid LETKF\/4D-Var, 6-hr data assimilation window, increment resolution TL319 (&asymp; 55 km)<\/li>\n<li>Analysis times: 00, 06, 12, 18 UTC<\/li>\n<li>Time window: 6 hrs (centred on nominal analysis time)<\/li>\n<li>Time constraints (model runtime):\n<ul>\n<li>Early analysis: 40 min before time window ends<\/li>\n<li>Cycle analysis: 8 hr 50 min after time window ends at 00,12 UTC, and 4 hr 50 min after time window ends at 06,18 UTC<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><span id=\"Meso-Scale_Model_MSM_8211_Meso-scale_Analysis\">Meso-Scale Model (MSM \u2013 Meso-scale Analysis)<\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>4D-Var, 3-hr data assimilation window, increment resolution 15 km, 50 vertical levels<\/li>\n<li>Analysis times (T): 00, 03, 06, 09, 12, 15, 18, 21 UTC<\/li>\n<li>Time window: 3 hrs (ended at nominal analysis time, e.g. 06-09 UTC for 09 UTC run) <\/li>\n<li>Time constraints (model runtime):\n<ul>\n<li>50 min after time window ends<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><span id=\"Local_Forecast_Model_(LFM_\u2013_Local_Analysis)\">Local Forecast Model (LFM \u2013 Local Analysis)<\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>The three-hour analysis cycle repeats hourly assimilation with hybrid 3D-Var and one-hour forecasts, 3-hr data assimilation window, increment resolution 5 km, 48 vertical levels\n<li>Analysis times (T): 00, 01, 02, 03, 04, 05, 06, 07, 08, 09, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23 UTC\n<li>Time window: 3 hrs (ended at nominal analysis time, e.g. 06-09 UTC for 09 UTC run)\n<li>Time constraints (model runtime):\n<ul>\n<li>30 min after time window ends\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span id=\"Scatterometers_assimilated\">Scatterometers assimilated<\/span><\/h3>\n<table width=\"100%\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"2\" border=\"1\">\n<tbody>\n<tr class=\"dkpurplebkgnd\">\n<td width=\"20%\" align=\"center\"><b>Scat name<\/b><\/td>\n<td width=\"50%\" align=\"center\"><b>Product<\/b><\/td>\n<td width=\"30%\" align=\"center\"><b>Models assimilated<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"center\" rowspan=\"2\">ASCAT-B<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">OSI-SAF Level 2 BUFR 25-km equivalent-neutral wind product produced by KNMI.<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\">GSM<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\">OSI-SAF Level 2 BUFR Coastal 12.5-km equivalent-neutral wind product produced by KNMI.<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\">MSM\/LFM<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"center\" rowspan=\"2\">ASCAT-C<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">OSI-SAF Level 2 BUFR 25-km equivalent-neutral wind product produced by KNMI.<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\">GSM<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\">OSI-SAF Level 2 BUFR Coastal 12.5-km equivalent-neutral wind product produced by KNMI.<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\">MSM\/LFM<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3><span id=\"Monitoring\">Monitoring<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>External monitoring web pages<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/qc.kishou.go.jp\/Satmonit\/seqgraph_scat.html\" class=\"external external_icon\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/qc.kishou.go.jp\/Satmonit\/seqgraph_scat.html<\/a><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\tNo password required<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span id=\"Generic_Quality_Control\">Generic Quality Control<\/span><\/h3>\n<h4><span id=\"Blacklisting\">Blacklisting<\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>All wind speeds outside range 0-25 m\/s<\/li>\n<li>All observations made over ice according to the JMA sea ice analysis<\/li>\n<li>All observations with SST less than 274.15 K according to Merged satellite and in-situ data Global Daily Sea Surface Temperature (MGDSST) in GSM and High-resolution Merged satellite and in-situ data Global Daily Sea Surface Temperature (HIMSST) in MSM<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><span id=\"Ambiguity_removal\">Ambiguity removal<\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Performed by comparison with JMA background fields before assimilation.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><span id=\"Bias_correction\">Bias correction<\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>None<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><span id=\"Thinning\">Thinning<\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n\t\t\t\t\tThinning distances are about 110 km (1 degree longitude at the equator) in GSM, and about 45 km (0.5 degree longitude around Japan) in MSM and LFM\n\t\t\t\t    <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><span id=\"Background_check\">Background check<\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Observation of which first guess departure is larger than 5 m\/s is rejected.<\/li>\n<li>A specialized quality control named \u2018Group QC\u2019 (Ohhashi 2004) is performed for the wind direction.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span id=\"Specific_Quality_Control\">Specific Quality Control<\/span><\/h3>\n<table width=\"100%\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"2\" border=\"1\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"25%\" align=\"center\"><b>Model<\/b><\/td>\n<td width=\"25%\" align=\"center\"><b>GSM<\/b><\/td>\n<td width=\"25%\" align=\"center\"><b>MSM<\/b><\/td>\n<td width=\"25%\" align=\"center\"><b>LFM<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Scat name<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>ASCAT-B\/C<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>ASCAT-B\/C<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>ASCAT-B\/C<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"center\">Operational since<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\">November 2013 (Metop-B), December 2019 (Metop-C)<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\">December 2015(Metop-A,Metop-B), December 2021 (Metop-C)<\/p>\n<td align=\"center\">March 2023<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"center\">Observation error U\/V<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\">4.0 m\/s (&le; 15 m\/s) <br \/> 6.0 m\/s (&gt; 15 m\/s)<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\" colspan=\"2\">3.0 m\/s<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"center\">Wind speed range<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\" colspan=\"4\">0-25 m\/s<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"ltpurplebkgnd\">\n<td align=\"center\">Bias corrected?<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\" colspan=\"4\">No<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"center\">Crosstrack cells used<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\" colspan=\"4\">All nodes<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"ltpurplebkgnd\">\n<td align=\"center\">QC thresholds<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" align=\"center\" colspan=\"4\">Check supplied wind vector QC flag<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3><span id=\"Observation_Operator\">Observation Operator<\/span><\/h3>\n<h4><span id=\"Interpolation\">Interpolation<\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Observations are assimilated as winds at a height of lowest model level (&asymp; 10 m) in GSM and 10 m height in MSM and LFM. 10 m real wind components are calculated using the stability functions of Louis et al. (1982). Model wind fields are horizontally interpolated to the observation location using standard linear interpolation of the surrounding four grid points.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><span id=\"Analysis_Increments\">Analysis Increments<\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Observations are considered as real winds.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span id=\"History_of_Changes\">History of Changes<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>The list includes the main scatterometer or model changes implemented operationally at JMA.<\/p>\n<table width=\"100%\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"2\" border=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>28\/03\/23<\/p>\n<td>ASCAT-B\/C coastal wind data assimilated in LFM.<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t    <\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>14\/03\/23<\/p>\n<td>GSM upgrade from TL959L128 to TQ959L128<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t    <\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>22\/03\/22<\/p>\n<td>The vertical levels of MSM enhanced from 76 to 96<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t    <\/tr>\n<tr class=\"ltpurplebkgnd\">\n<tr>\n<td>30\/03\/21<\/td>\n<td>GSM upgrade from TL959L100 to TL959L128<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>29\/07\/20<\/td>\n<td>Addition of ScatSat-1 in GSM<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>11\/12\/19<\/td>\n<td>Hybrid LETKF\/4D-Var system introduced for GSM. Addition of Metop-C in GSM.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>26\/03\/19<\/td>\n<td>ASCAT-A\/B coastal wind data assimilated in MSM. HIMSST products introduced in MSM in place of MGDSST products.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>28\/02\/18<\/td>\n<td>The vertical levels of MSM enhanced from 50 to 76<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>24\/12\/15<\/td>\n<td>ASCAT-A\/B 25 km data assimilated in MSM<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>08\/10\/15<\/td>\n<td>Extension of wind speed upper limit from 15 to 25 m\/s and removal of<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t    observational error inflation in the Southern Hemisphere poleward of<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t    30S in GSM<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"ltpurplebkgnd\">\n<td>18\/03\/14<\/td>\n<td>GSM upgrade from TL959L60 to TL959L100 and raise of the model top level from 0.1 hPa to 0.01 hPa<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>28\/11\/13<\/td>\n<td>ASCAT-B 25 km data assimilated in GSM<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"ltpurplebkgnd\">\n<td>28\/03\/13<\/td>\n<td>MSM forecast area extended from 721(E-W) &times; 577(N-S) to 817(E-W) &times; 661(N-S) with same grid length<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>28\/07\/09<\/td>\n<td>ASCAT-A 25 km data assimilated in GSM<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3><span id=\"References\">References<\/span><\/h3>\n<table width=\"100%\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"4\" border=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr class=\"ltpurplebkgnd\">\n<td>JMA, 2023: \u2018Outline of the operational numerical weather prediction at the Japan Meteorological Agency\u2019. Appendix to WMO Technical Progress Report on the Global Data-processing and Forecasting System and Numerical Weather Prediction Research. Japan Meteorological Agency, Tokyo, Japan.<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\tAvailable on <a href=\"http:\/\/www.jma.go.jp\/jma\/jma-eng\/jma-center\/nwp\/outline2023-nwp\/index.htm\" class=\"external external_icon\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> http:\/\/www.jma.go.jp\/jma\/jma-eng\/jma-center\/nwp\/outline2023-nwp\/index.htm<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Louis, J. F., M. Tiedtke, and J.-F. Geleyn, 1982: A short history of<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\tthe PBL parameterization at ECMWF. Workshop on planetary boundary layer<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\tparameterization, November 1981, ECMWF, Reading, England.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"ltpurplebkgnd\">\n<td>Ohhashi, Y. 2004: Assimilation of QuikSCAT\/SeaWinds Ocean Surface Wind Data into the JMA Global Data Assimilation System. <i>RSMC Tokyo Typhoon Center Technical Review<\/i>, NO. <b>7<\/b>, Japan Meteorological Agency, pp 22-27. Available on <a href=\"http:\/\/www.jma.go.jp\/jma\/jma-eng\/jma-center\/rsmc-hp-pub-eg\/techrev.htm\" class=\"external external_icon\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> http:\/\/www.jma.go.jp\/jma\/jma-eng\/jma-center\/rsmc-hp-pub-eg\/techrev.htm<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Scatterometer use in NWP at JMA Physical characteristics Global Spectral Model (GSM) Spectral model Horizontal resolution: TQ959 (0.1250\u00b0 (&asymp; 13 km), Reduced Gaussian Grid) Vertical resolution: 128 vertical levels, sigma-p hybrid coordinate, lid at 0.01 hPa Meso-Scale Model (MSM) Grid-point model (817 E-W &times; 661 N-S), grid centred on Japan Horizontal resolution: 5 km at 60N and 30N Vertical resolution: 96 vertical levels, hybrid terrain-following coordinate, lid &asymp; 37.5 km Local Forecast Model (LFM) Grid-point model (1531 E-W &times; 1301 N-S), grid centred on Japan Horizontal resolution: 2 km at 60N and 30N Vertical resolution: 76 vertical levels, hybrid terrain-following [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":1324,"menu_order":93,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1337","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nwp-saf.eumetsat.int\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1337","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nwp-saf.eumetsat.int\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nwp-saf.eumetsat.int\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nwp-saf.eumetsat.int\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nwp-saf.eumetsat.int\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1337"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/nwp-saf.eumetsat.int\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1337\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nwp-saf.eumetsat.int\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1324"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nwp-saf.eumetsat.int\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1337"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}